Traveler Kılavuzu
East Macedonia & Thrace
Flora
Drama İli’nin en göze çarpan özelliği eşsiz yaşam alanlarıyla doğası ve birçok etkinliğe sahne olan görkemli ormanlarıdır. Bu bölgede, Yunanistan’da görülebilecek tüm bitki çeşitlerine rastlamak mümkündür; sadece Yunanistan’a özgü bitkileri de içeren (1000’den fazla çeşit) çok geniş bir floraya sahiptir. Bölge bitki çeşitliliğini iklim ve toprağın yanı sıra konumuna, jeomorfolojik ve jeohistorik özelliklerine borçludur.
Bölgenin bitki yapısı şu şekilde özetlenebilir:
Drama şehrinden yola çıkarak yüksekliğin artmasıyla 400 metre rakıma kadar porsuk ağacı ormanlarıyla karşılaşırız. Bu ormanlarda mevcut olan diğer türler ise gürgen, alıç, kızılcık, karaağaç, böğürtlen v.s.
Daha yukarıda (800 metreye kadar) yarı dağlık ve dağlık alanlarda nemli ara bölgelerde kestane ve ıhlamurun da bulunduğu yaprak döken meşe ormanlarını görebiliriz. Dağınık veya grup olarak kızılağaç, fındık, ceviz, gürgen, çiçekli dişbudak, ardıç v.s.
Daha da yükseğe çıkıldığında 1.800 metrede kayın ve Akdeniz tipi iğne yapraklılara rastlarız.
Bu bölgede, kayın ormanları ve Akdeniz tipi iğne yapraklılar dışında karaçam ormanları da mevcuttur.
Mevcut olan diğer türler ise köknar, ardıç, beyaz titrek kavak, huş ağacı, söğüt, dikenli ideo, hadrian, Akçaağaç, yaban mersini v.s.’dir.
Kayın ormanlarına paralel olarak 1000 – 1950 m rakımda, bölgeden tamamen yok olmaları sebebiyle tarihi öneme sahip kuzey iğne yapraklı ağaç ormanları bulunur. Bunların başında da kayın ormanları türleri ve iğne yapraklı ladin ve sarıçam gelir.
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